Clad aluminum alloy products

ABSTRACT

Provided herein are new clad aluminum alloy products and methods of making these alloys. These alloy products possess a combination of strength and other key attributes, such as corrosion resistance, formability, and joining capabilities. The alloy products can be used in a variety of applications, including automotive, transportation, and electronics applications.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION

The present application is a continuation of U.S. Application Ser. No.15/959,516, filed Apr. 23, 2018, which claims the benefit of U.S.Provisional Application No. 62/488,997, filed Apr. 24, 2017, thedisclosure of which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.

FIELD

Provided herein are novel clad aluminum alloy products and methods ofmaking these alloy products. The clad alloy products are suitable for avariety of applications, including automotive and electronicapplications. The clad alloy products display high strength andcorrosion resistance properties.

BACKGROUND

To reduce the weight of automobiles and meet Corporate Average FuelEconomy (CAFE) standards for carbon emissions, the automotive industryhas increasingly substituted aluminum alloys for steel. Aluminum alloys,being lighter in weight, help reduce the overall automobile weight,which reduces fuel consumption. However, the introduction of aluminumalloys creates its own set of needs.

To be useful in automobile applications, an aluminum alloy product mustoffer the best combination of high strength and other key attributes,such as corrosion resistance, formability, and joining ability. Amongdifferent series of aluminum alloys, 7xxx series aluminum alloys areprime candidates for high end strength applications. However, for 7xxxseries alloys, an increase in strength typically results in a loweringof the aforementioned key attributes. For example, strength andcorrosion resistance performance tend to be inversely related for 7xxxseries alloys, meaning that while the alloys have high strength, thecorrosion resistance performance is limited.

SUMMARY

Covered embodiments of the invention are defined by the claims, not thissummary. This summary is a high-level overview of various aspects of theinvention and introduces some of the concepts that are further describedin the Detailed Description section below. This summary is not intendedto identify key or essential features of the claimed subject matter, noris it intended to be used in isolation to determine the scope of theclaimed subject matter. The subject matter should be understood byreference to appropriate portions of the entire specification, any orall drawings, and each claim.

Provided herein are new clad aluminum alloy-containing products andmethods of making these alloy products. These alloy products possess acombination of strength and other key attributes, such as corrosionresistance, formability, and joining capabilities. Joining methods caninclude, but are not limited to, resistance spot welding (RSW), frictionstir welding, remote laser welding, metal inert gas (MIG) welding,tungsten inert gas (TIG) welding, adhesive bonding, and self-piercingriveting. The alloy products can be used in a variety of applications,including automotive, transportation, electronics, and otherapplications.

The clad aluminum alloy products described herein comprise a core layercomprising up to 12.0 wt. % Zn, 1.0 to 4.0 wt. % Mg, 0.1 to 3.0 wt. %Cu, up to 0.60 wt. % Si, up to 0.50 wt. % Fe, up to 0.20 wt. % Mn, up to0.20 wt. % Cr, up to 0.30 wt. % Zr, up to 0.15 wt. % impurities, and thebalance aluminum, wherein the core layer has a first side and a secondside; and a first cladding layer on the first side of the core layer,wherein the first cladding layer comprises up to about 7.0 wt. % Zn, upto 6.0 wt. % Mg, up to 0.35 wt. % Cu, 0.05 to 13.5 wt. % Si, 0.10 to0.90 wt. % Fe, up to 1.5 wt. % Mn, up to 0.35 wt. % Cr, up to 0.30 wt. %Zr, up to 0.15 wt. % impurities, and the balance aluminum. Throughoutthis application, all elements are described in weight percentage (wt.%) based on the total weight of the alloy. In some cases, the core layercomprises about 5.0 to 9.5 wt. % Zn, 1.2 to 2.3 wt. % Mg, 0.10 to 2.6wt. % Cu, up to 0.10 wt. % Si, up to 0.15 wt. % Fe, up to 0.05 wt. % Mn,up to 0.05 wt. % Cr, up to 0.25 wt. % Zr, up to 0.15 wt. % impurities,and the balance aluminum.

In some cases, the first cladding layer comprises up to about 6.0 wt. %Zn, 0.1 to 3.5 wt. % Mg, up to 0.3 wt. % Cu, 0.05 to 0.40 wt. % Si, 0.20to 0.40 wt. % Fe, 0.10 to 0.80 wt. % Mn, up to 0.30 wt. % Cr, up to 0.25wt. % Zr, up to 0.15 wt. % impurities, and the balance aluminum. In somecases, the first cladding layer comprises up to about 1.3 wt. % Zn, 0.05to 2.0 wt. % Mg, up to 0.35 wt. % Cu, 0.6 to 13.5 wt. % Si, 0.10 to 0.80wt. % Fe, up to 0.80 wt. % Mn, up to 0.35 wt. % Cr, up to 0.30 wt. % Zr,up to 0.15 wt. % impurities, and the balance aluminum. In some cases,the first cladding layer comprises up to about 0.5 wt. % Zn, 4.0 to 4.8wt. % Mg, up to 0.1 wt. % Cu, 0.05 to 0.2 wt. % Si, 0.20 to 0.40 wt. %Fe, 0.1 to 0.8 wt. % Mn, up to 0.2 wt. % Cr, up to 0.25 wt. % Zr, up to0.15 wt. % impurities, and the balance aluminum.

Optionally, the core layer has a thickness of about 0.5 to 3 mm (e.g.,from about 0.7 to about 2.3 mm or from about 1 mm to about 2 mm). Insome cases, the first cladding layer can have a thickness of about 1% to25% of the total clad product thickness (e.g., from about 1% to about12% of the total clad product thickness or about 10% of the total cladproduct thickness).

The clad aluminum alloy product described herein can further comprise asecond cladding layer located on the second side of the core layer. Thefirst cladding layer and the second cladding layer can comprise the sameor different alloys. The second cladding layer can comprise up to about7.0 wt. % Zn, up to 6.0 wt. % Mg, up to 0.35 wt. % Cu, 0.05 to 13.5 wt.% Si, 0.10 to 0.90 wt. % Fe, up to 1.5 wt. % Mn, up to 0.35 wt. % Cr, upto 0.30 wt. % Zr, up to 0.15 wt. % impurities, and the balance aluminum.In some cases, the second cladding layer can comprise up to about 6.0wt. % Zn, 0.1 to 3.5 wt. % Mg, up to 0.3 wt. % Cu, 0.05 to 0.40 wt. %Si, 0.20 to 0.40 wt. % Fe, 0.10 to 0.80 wt. % Mn, up to 0.30 wt. % Cr,up to 0.25 wt. % Zr, up to 0.15 wt. % impurities, and the balancealuminum.

Optionally, the clad aluminum alloy product has a yield strength up toabout 600 MPa (e.g., up to about 550 MPa). The clad product can have anelongation up to about 20% (e.g., up to about 15%).

Also provided are materials comprising the clad aluminum alloy productsdescribed herein. The materials can include automotive products (e.g.,automotive structural parts), aerospace products (e.g., an aerospacestructural part or an aerospace non-structural part), marine products(e.g., a marine structural part or a marine non-structural part), orelectronic products (e.g., electronic device housings), among others.Further provided are aluminum sheets and plates comprising a cladaluminum alloy product as described herein.

Other objects and advantages will be apparent from the followingdetailed description of non-limiting examples.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

FIG. 1 is a graph of tensile strength of an exemplary alloy in a T6temper condition after various solution heat treatment and quenchtechniques.

FIG. 2 is a graph showing the tensile strength of an exemplary alloy ina T6 temper. Samples were taken from various lateral positions from thealuminum sheet.

FIG. 3 is a graph showing the tensile strength of an exemplary alloy of2 mm gauge in a T6 temper after various quench techniques (e.g., anatural air quench (referred to as “AQ”), a forced AQ, a warm waterquench (referred to as “WQ”, water temperature of about 55° C.), and aroom temperature (referred to as “RT”) water quench).

FIG. 4 is a graph showing an effect of pre-aging on natural agehardening (referred to as “NA”) over time of an exemplary alloy.

FIG. 5 is a graph showing an effect of pre-aging and natural aging on anexemplary alloy in a T6 temper.

FIG. 6 is a graph showing the yield strengths of exemplary alloys aftervarious heat treatments.

FIG. 7 is a graph showing the tensile strengths of exemplary alloysafter various heat treatments.

FIG. 8 is a graph showing the yield strengths of exemplary alloys aftera pre-straining and heat treatment procedure.

FIG. 9 is a graph showing the yield strengths of exemplary alloys aftera paint bake procedure.

FIG. 10 is a graph showing the yield strengths of exemplary alloys aftera heat treatment and paint bake procedure.

FIG. 11 is a graph showing the elongations of exemplary alloys afternatural aging.

FIG. 12 is a schematic depicting bend test analysis.

FIG. 13 is a graph showing the R/t ratios (f-factor) of exemplary alloysafter pre-aging and natural aging.

FIG. 14 is a graph showing the bend angle (DC alpha, normalized to 2.0mm (°)) of exemplary alloys after pre-aging and natural aging. Sampleswere evaluated after 7 days (left point), 14 days (second from leftpoint), 60 days (third from left point), and 90 days (right point) ofnatural aging.

FIG. 15 is a graph showing the elongations (A80) of exemplary alloys asa function of yield strength (Rp) after various pre-aging and naturalaging. Samples were evaluated after 7 days (left point), 14 days (secondfrom left point), 31 days (center point), 60 days (second from rightpoint), and 90 days (right point) of natural aging.

FIG. 16 is a graph showing bend angle (DC alpha, normalized to 2.0 mm(°)) of exemplary alloys as a function of yield strength (Rp) aftervarious pre-aging and natural aging. Samples were evaluated after 7 days(left point), 14 days (second from left point), 60 days (third from leftpoint), and 90 days (right point) of natural aging.

FIG. 17 is a graph showing the bend angles (DC alpha, normalized to 2.0mm (°)) of exemplary alloys after pre-aging and artificial agingprocedures.

FIG. 18A is a graph showing the bendability (DC alpha, normalized to 2.0mm (°)) and yield strengths (Rp (MPa)) for alloys prepared and processedaccording to methods described herein.

FIG. 18B is a graph showing the bendability (DC alpha, normalized to 2.0mm (°)) and yield strengths (Rp (MPa)) for alloys prepared and processedaccording to methods described herein.

FIG. 19 is a digital image showing corrosion on a comparative non-cladaluminum alloy sample (i.e., a monolithic 7xxx series aluminum alloywithout a 5xxx clad layer).

FIG. 20 is a micrograph showing microstructure of an exemplary cladaluminum alloy sample (i.e., a 7xxx series aluminum alloy core layerwith a 5xxx clad layer) in a T4 temper.

FIG. 21 is a micrograph showing microstructure of an exemplary cladaluminum alloy sample (i.e., a 7xxx series aluminum alloy core layerwith a 5xxx clad layer) in a T4 temper.

FIG. 22A is a micrograph image showing a partial penetration weld of anexemplary clad aluminum alloy sample having a 7xxx series aluminum alloycore layer with a 5xxx clad layer in a T6 temper.

FIG. 22B is a graph showing the zinc, magnesium, and copper content fromvarious areas of a partial penetration weld.

FIG. 23A is a digital image showing riveted exemplary clad aluminumalloy samples having a 7xxx series aluminum alloy core layer with a 5xxxclad layer in F, T4, and T6 tempers.

FIG. 23B is a micrograph image showing a cross section of the rivetedexemplary clad aluminum alloy samples.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Described herein are new clad aluminum alloy products and methods ofmaking these alloy products. The clad aluminum alloy products include acore layer and one or more cladding layers. For cladded aluminum alloyproducts, the core layer, which represents the largest component of thematerial, mainly determines the bulk mechanical properties of thecladded material (e.g., strength). On the other hand, the claddinglayer(s), which represents a small component of the material, is incontact with the environment surrounding the cladded material and thusdetermines the chemical activity (e.g., corrosion resistance) and canaffect the formability and joining properties of the cladded material.

The clad aluminum alloy products described herein possess a combinationof strength and other key attributes, such as corrosion resistance,formability, and joining capabilities. Joining methods can include, butare not limited to, resistance spot welding (RSW), friction stir welding(FSW), remote laser welding, metal inert gas (MIG) welding, tungsteninert gas (TIG) welding, adhesive bonding, and self-piercing riveting.

Definitions and Descriptions:

As used herein, the terms “invention,” “the invention,” “thisinvention,” and “the present invention” are intended to refer broadly toall of the subject matter of this patent application and the claimsbelow. Statements containing these terms should be understood not tolimit the subject matter described herein or to limit the meaning orscope of the patent claims below.

In this description, reference is made to alloys identified by AAnumbers and other related designations, such as “series” or “7xxx.” Foran understanding of the number designation system most commonly used innaming and identifying aluminum and its alloys, see “International AlloyDesignations and Chemical Composition Limits for Wrought Aluminum andWrought Aluminum Alloys” or “Registration Record of Aluminum AssociationAlloy Designations and Chemical Compositions Limits for Aluminum Alloysin the Form of Castings and Ingot,” both published by The AluminumAssociation.

As used herein, a plate generally has a thickness of greater than about15 mm. For example, a plate may refer to an aluminum product having athickness of greater than 15 mm, greater than 20 mm, greater than 25 mm,greater than 30 mm, greater than 35 mm, greater than 40 mm, greater than45 mm, greater than 50 mm, or greater than 100 mm.

As used herein, a shate (also referred to as a sheet plate) generallyhas a thickness of from about 4 mm to about 15 mm. For example, a shatemay have a thickness of 4 mm, 5 mm, 6 mm, 7 mm, 8 mm, 9 mm, 10 mm, 11mm, 12 mm, 13 mm, 14 mm, or 15 mm.

As used herein, a sheet generally refers to an aluminum product having athickness of less than about 4 mm. For example, a sheet may have athickness of less than 4 mm, less than 3 mm, less than 2 mm, less than 1mm, less than 0.5 mm, less than 0.3 mm, or less than 0.1 mm.

Reference is made in this application to alloy temper or condition. Foran understanding of the alloy temper descriptions most commonly used,see “American National Standards (ANSI) H35 on Alloy and TemperDesignation Systems.” An F condition or temper refers to an aluminumalloy as fabricated. An O condition or temper refers to an aluminumalloy after annealing. A T4 condition or temper refers to an aluminumalloy after solution heat treatment (i.e., solutionization) followed bynatural aging. A T6 condition or temper refers to an aluminum alloyafter solution heat treatment followed by artificial aging. A T8xcondition or temper refers to an aluminum alloy solution heat treated,cold worked, and artificially aged.

As used herein, terms such as “cast metal product,” “cast product,”“cast aluminum alloy product,” and the like are interchangeable andrefer to a product produced by direct chill casting (including directchill co-casting) or semi-continuous casting, continuous casting(including, for example, by use of a twin belt caster, a twin rollcaster, a block caster, or any other continuous caster), electromagneticcasting, hot top casting, or any other casting method.

As used herein, the meaning of “room temperature” can include atemperature of from about 15° C. to about 30° C., for example about 15°C., about 16° C., about 17° C., about 18° C., about 19° C., about 20°C., about 21° C., about 22° C., about 23° C., about 24° C., about 25°C., about 26° C., about 27° C., about 28° C., about 29° C., or about 30°C. As used herein, the meaning of “ambient conditions” can includetemperatures of about room temperature, relative humidity of from about20% to about 100%, and barometric pressure of from about 975 millibar(mbar) to about 1050 mbar. For example, relative humidity can be about20%, about 21%, about 22%, about 23%, about 24%, about 25%, about 26%,about 27%, about 28%, about 29%, about 30%, about 31%, about 32%, about33%, about 34%, about 35%, about 36%, about 37%, about 38%, about 39%,about 40%, about 41%, about 42%, about 43%, about 44%, about 45%, about46%, about 47%, about 48%, about 49%, about 50%, about 51%, about 52%,about 53%, about 54%, about 55%, about 56%, about 57%, about 58%, about59%, about 60%, about 61%, about 62%, about 63%, about 64%, about 65%,about 66%, about 67%, about 68%, about 69%, about 70%, about 71%, about72%, about 73%, about 74%, about 75%, about 76%, about 77%, about 78%,about 79%, about 80%, about 81%, about 82%, about 83%, about 84%, about85%, about 86%, about 87%, about 88%, about 89%, about 90%, about 91%,about 92%, about 93%, about 94%, about 95%, about 96%, about 97%, about98%, about 99%, about 100%, or anywhere in between. For example,barometric pressure can be about 975 mbar, about 980 mbar, about 985mbar, about 990 mbar, about 995 mbar, about 1000 mbar, about 1005 mbar,about 1010 mbar, about 1015 mbar, about 1020 mbar, about 1025 mbar,about 1030 mbar, about 1035 mbar, about 1040 mbar, about 1045 mbar,about 1050 mbar, or anywhere in between.

All ranges disclosed herein are to be understood to encompass any andall subranges subsumed therein. For example, a stated range of “1 to 10”should be considered to include any and all subranges between (andinclusive of) the minimum value of 1 and the maximum value of 10; thatis, all subranges beginning with a minimum value of 1 or more, e.g. 1 to6.1, and ending with a maximum value of 10 or less, e.g., 5.5 to 10.

As used herein, the meaning of “a,” “an,” and “the” includes singularand plural references unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.

In the following examples, the aluminum alloy products and theircomponents are described in terms of their elemental composition inweight percent (wt. %). In each alloy, the remainder is aluminum, with amaximum wt. % of 0.15% for the sum of all impurities.

Clad Aluminum Alloy Products

Provided herein are new clad aluminum alloy products. The clad aluminumalloy products include a core layer of an aluminum alloy having a firstside and a second side and one or more cladding layer(s) bonded to thefirst side or the second side of the core layer. In some examples, thecore layer is clad on only one side (i.e., one cladding layer is presentin the clad aluminum alloy product). In other examples, the core layeris clad on both sides (i.e., two cladding layers are present in the cladaluminum alloy product).

The first side of the core layer is adjacent to and contacts a firstcladding layer to form a first interface. In other words, no layersintervene between the first cladding layer and the first side of thecore layer. Optionally, the clad aluminum alloy product includes asecond cladding layer. In these instances, the second side of the corelayer is adjacent to and contacts a second cladding layer to form asecond interface (i.e., no layers intervene between the second claddinglayer and the second side of the core layer). The first cladding layerand the second cladding layer can be the same chemical composition ordifferent chemical compositions.

Core Layer

The core layer is an aluminum-containing alloy. In some examples, thealloy for use as the core layer can have the following elementalcomposition as provided in Table 1.

TABLE 1 Element Weight Percentage (wt. %) Zn Up to 12.0 Mg 1.0-4.0 Cu0.1-3.0 Si Up to 0.60 Fe Up to 0.50 Mn Up to 0.20 Cr Up to 0.20 Zr Up to0.30 Impurities Up to 0.15 Al Remainder

In some examples, the alloy for use as the core layer can have thefollowing elemental composition as provided in Table 2.

TABLE 2 Element Weight Percentage (wt. %) Zn 5.0 to 9.5 Mg 1.2-2.3 Cu0.1-2.6 Si Up to 0.10 Fe Up to 0.15 Mn Up to 0.05 Cr Up to 0.05 Zr Up to0.25 Impurities Up to 0.15 Al Remainder

In some examples, the alloy described herein for use as the core layerincludes zinc (Zn) in an amount of up to about 12.0% (e.g., from about0.5% to about 12.0%, from about 5.0% to about 12.0%, from about 5.0% toabout 9.5%, or from about 5.0% to about 8.4%) based on the total weightof the alloy. For example, the alloy can include about 0.1%, about 0.2%,about 0.3%, about 0.4%, about 0.5%, about 0.6%, about 0.7%, about 0.8%,about 0.9%, about 1.0%, about 1.1%, about 1.2%, about 1.3%, about 1.4%,about 1.5%, about 1.6%, about 1.7%, about 1.8%, about 1.9%, about 2.0%,about 2.1%, about 2.2%, about 2.3%, about 2.4%, about 2.5%, about 2.6%,about 2.7%, about 2.8%, about 2.9%, about 3.0%, about 3.1%, about 3.2%,about 3.3%, about 3.4%, about 3.5%, about 3.6%, about 3.7%, about 3.8%,about 3.9%, about 4.0%, about 4.1%, about 4.2%, about 4.3%, about 4.4%,about 4.5%, about 4.6%, about 4.7%, about 4.8%, about 4.9%, about 5.0%,about 5.1%, about 5.2%, about 5.3%, about 5.4%, about 5.5%, about 5.6%,about 5.7%, about 5.8%, about 5.9%, about 6.0%, about 6.1%, about 6.2%,about 6.3%, about 6.4%, about 6.5%, about 6.6%, about 6.7%, about 6.8%,about 6.9%, about 7.0%, about 7.1%, about 7.2%, about 7.3%, about 7.4%,about 7.5%, about 7.6%, about 7.7%, about 7.8%, about 7.9%, about 8.0%,about 8.1%, about 8.2%, about 8.3%, about 8.4%, about 8.5%, about 8.6%,about 8.7%, about 8.8%, about 8.9%, about 9.0%, about 9.1%, about 9.2%,about 9.3%, about 9.4%, about 9.5 Zn, about 9.6%, about 9.7%, about9.8%, about 9.9%, about 10.0%, about 10.1%, about 10.2%, about 10.3%,about 10.4%, about 10.5%, about 10.6%, about 10.7%, about 10.8%, about10.9%, about 11.0%, about 11.1%, about 11.2%, about 11.3%, about 11.4%,about 11.5%, about 11.6%, about 11.7%, about 11.8%, about 11.9%, orabout 12.0%. In some cases, Zn is not present in the alloy (i.e., 0%).All expressed in wt. %.

In some examples, the alloy described herein for use as the core layeralso includes magnesium (Mg) in an amount of from about 1.0% to about4.0% (e.g., from about 1.0% to about 3.7%, from about 1.1% to about2.6%, from about 1.2% to about 2.3%, or from about 1.5% to about 2.0%)based on the total weight of the alloy. For example, the alloy caninclude about 1.0%, about 1.1%, about 1.2%, about 1.3%, about 1.4%,about 1.5%, about 1.6%, about 1.7%, about 1.8%, about 1.9%, about 2.0%,about 2.1%, about 2.2%, about 2.3%, about 2.4%, about 2.5%, about 2.6%,about 2.7%, about 2.8%, about 2.9%, about 3.0%, about 3.1%, about 3.2%,about 3.3%, about 3.4%, about 3.5%, about 3.6%, about 3.7%, about 3.8%,about 3.9%, or about 4.0% Mg. All expressed in wt. %.

In some examples, the alloy described herein for use as the core layeralso includes copper (Cu) in an amount of from about 0.1% to about 3.0%(e.g., from about 0.1% to about 2.6% or from about 0.15% to about 2.0%)based on the total weight of the alloy. For example, the alloy caninclude about 0.1%, about 0.2%, about 0.3%, about 0.4%, about 0.5%,about 0.6%, about 0.7%, about 0.8%, about 0.9%, about 1.0%, about 1.1%,about 1.2%, about 1.3%, about 1.4%, about 1.5%, about 1.6%, about 1.7%,about 1.8%, about 1.9%, about 2.0%, about 2.1%, about 2.2%, about 2.3%,about 2.4%, about 2.5%, about 2.6%, about 2.7%, about 2.8%, about 2.9%,or about 3.0% Cu. All expressed in wt. %.

In some examples, the alloy described herein for use as the core layercan also include silicon (Si) in an amount of up to about 0.6% (e.g.,from 0% to about 0.4%, from about 0.05% to about 0.2%, or about 0.1%)based on the total weight of the alloy. For example, the alloy caninclude about 0.01%, about 0.02%, about 0.03%, about 0.04%, about 0.05%,about 0.06%, about 0.07%, about 0.08%, about 0.09%, about 0.1%, about0.11%, about 0.12%, about 0.13%, about 0.14%, about 0.15%, about 0.16%,about 0.17%, about 0.18%, about 0.19%, about 0.2%, about 0.21%, about0.22%, about 0.23%, about 0.24%, about 0.25%, about 0.26%, about 0.27%,about 0.28%, about 0.29%, about 0.3%, about 0.31%, about 0.32%, about0.33%, about 0.34%, about 0.35%, about 0.36%, about 0.37%, about 0.38%,about 0.39%, about 0.4%, about 0.41%, about 0.42%, about 0.43%, about0.44%, about 0.45%, about 0.46%, about 0.47%, about 0.48%, about 0.49%,about 0.5%, about 0.51%, about 0.52%, about 0.53%, about 0.54%, about0.55%, about 0.56%, about 0.57%, about 0.58%, about 0.59%, or about 0.6%Si. In some cases, Si is not present in the alloy (i.e., 0%). Allexpressed in wt. %.

In some examples, the alloy described herein for use as the core layercan also include iron (Fe) in an amount of up to about 0.5% (e.g., from0% to about 0.25% or from about 0.05% to about 0.15%) based on the totalweight of the alloy. For example, the alloy can include about 0.01%,about 0.02%, about 0.03%, about 0.04%, about 0.05%, about 0.06%, about0.07%, about 0.08%, about 0.09%, about 0.10%, about 0.11%, about 0.12%,about 0.13%, about 0.14%, about 0.15%, about 0.16%, about 0.17%, about0.18%, about 0.19%, about 0.20%, about 0.21%, about 0.22%, about 0.23%,about 0.24%, about 0.25%, about 0.26%, about 0.27%, about 0.28%, about0.29%, about 0.3%, about 0.31%, about 0.32%, about 0.33%, about 0.34%,about 0.35%, about 0.36%, about 0.37%, about 0.38%, about 0.39%, about0.4%, about 0.41%, about 0.42%, about 0.43%, about 0.44%, about 0.45%,about 0.46%, about 0.47%, about 0.48%, about 0.49%, or about 0.5% Fe. Insome cases, Fe is not present in the alloy (i.e., 0%). All expressed inwt. %.

In some examples, the alloy described herein for use as the core layercan also include manganese (Mn) in an amount of up to about 0.20% (e.g.,from 0% to about 0.10%, from about 0.01% to about 0.05%, or from about0.02% to about 0.10%) based on the total weight of the alloy. Forexample, the alloy can include about 0.01%, about 0.02%, about 0.03%,about 0.04%, about 0.05%, about 0.06%, about 0.07%, about 0.08%, about0.09%, about 0.1%, about 0.11%, about 0.12%, about 0.13%, about 0.14%,about 0.15%, about 0.16%, about 0.17%, about 0.18%, about 0.19%, orabout 0.2% Mn. In some cases, Mn is not present in the alloy (i.e., 0%).All expressed in wt. %.

In some examples, the alloy described herein for use as the core layercan also include chromium (Cr) in an amount of up to about 0.20% (e.g.,from 0% to about 0.10%, from about 0.01% to about 0.05%, or from about0.02% to about 0.10%) based on the total weight of the alloy. Forexample, the alloy can include about 0.01%, about 0.02%, about 0.03%,about 0.04%, about 0.05%, about 0.06%, about 0.07%, about 0.08%, about0.09%, about 0.1%, about 0.11%, about 0.12%, about 0.13%, about 0.14%,about 0.15%, about 0.16%, about 0.17%, about 0.18%, about 0.19%, orabout 0.2% Cr. In some cases, Cr is not present in the alloy (i.e., 0%).All expressed in wt. %.

In some examples, the alloy described herein for use as the core layercan also include zirconium (Zr) in an amount of up to about 0.30% (e.g.,from 0% to about 0.25% or from about 0.05% to about 0.20%) based on thetotal weight of the alloy. For example, the alloy can include about0.01%, about 0.02%, about 0.03%, about 0.04%, about 0.05%, about 0.06%,about 0.07%, about 0.08%, about 0.09%, about 0.10%, about 0.11%, about0.12%, about 0.13%, about 0.14%, about 0.15%, about 0.16%, about 0.17%,about 0.18%, about 0.19%, about 0.20%, about 0.21%, about 0.22%, about0.23%, about 0.24%, about 0.25%, about 0.26%, about 0.27%, about 0.28%,about 0.29%, or about 0.30% Zr. In some cases, Zr is not present in thealloy (i.e., 0%). All expressed in wt. %.

Optionally, the alloy composition described herein for use as the corelayer can further include other minor elements, sometimes referred to asimpurities, in amounts of about 0.05% or below, about 0.04% or below,about 0.03% or below, about 0.02% or below, or about 0.01% or beloweach. These impurities may include, but are not limited to, V, Ni, Sn,Ga, Ca, Bi, Na, Pb, or combinations thereof. Accordingly, V, Ni, Sn, Ga,Ca, Bi, Na, or Pb may be present in alloys in amounts of about 0.05% orbelow, about 0.04% or below, about 0.03% or below, about 0.02% or below,or about 0.01% or below. The sum of all impurities does not exceed about0.15% (e.g., about 0.10%). All expressed in wt. %. The remainingpercentage of the alloy is aluminum.

In some examples, any alloy designated as an “AA7xxx series” alloy issuitable for use as the core layer. By way of non-limiting example, theAA7xxx series alloys suitable for use as the core layer can includeAA7021, AA7075, AA7055, AA7085, AA7011, AA7019, AA7020, AA7039, AA7072,AA7108, AA7108A, AA7015, AA7017, AA7018, AA7019A, AA7024, AA7025,AA7028, AA7030, AA7031, AA7033, AA7035, AA7035A, AA7046, AA7046A,AA7003, AA7004, AA7005, AA7009, AA7010, AA7011, AA7012, AA7014, AA7016,AA7116, AA7122, AA7023, AA7026, AA7029, AA7129, AA7229, AA7032, AA7033,AA7034, AA7036, AA7136, AA7037, AA7040, AA7140, AA7041, AA7049, AA7049A,AA7149, AA7204, AA7249, AA7349, AA7449, AA7050, AA7050A, AA7150, AA7250,AA7155, AA7255, AA7056, AA7060, AA7064, AA7065, AA7068, AA7168, AA7175,AA7475, AA7076, AA7178, AA7278, AA7278A, AA7081, AA7181, AA7185, AA7090,AA7093, AA7095, and AA7099.

The thickness of the core layer can be from about 50% to about 99% ofthe clad aluminum alloy products described herein. For example, in aclad aluminum alloy product having a thickness of about 1000 microns,the core layer can have a thickness of about 500 microns to about 990microns. Optionally, the core layer can have a thickness in the range ofabout 0.5 mm to about 3 mm (e.g., from about 0.7 mm to about 2.3 mm).For example, the thickness of the core layer can be about 0.5 mm, about0.6 mm, about 0.7 mm, about 0.8 mm, about 0.9 mm, about 1.0 mm, about1.1 mm, about 1.2 mm, about 1.3 mm, about 1.4 mm, about 1.5 mm, about1.6 mm, about 1.7 mm, about 1.8 mm, about 1.9 mm, about 2.0 mm, about2.1 mm, about 2.2 mm, about 2.3 mm, about 2.4 mm, about 2.5 mm, about2.6 mm, about 2.7 mm, about 2.8 mm, about 2.9 mm, or about 3.0 mm.

Cladding Layer(s)

Also described herein is an aluminum-containing alloy for use as thecladding layer(s) in the clad aluminum alloy products. In some examples,any alloy designated as an “AA1xxx series” alloy, an “AA2xxx series”alloy, an “AA3xxx series” alloy, an “AA4xxx series” alloy, an “AA5xxxseries” alloy, an “AA6xxx series” alloy, or an “AA7xxx series” alloy issuitable for use as the cladding layer.

By way of non-limiting example, exemplary AA1xxx series alloys for useas the cladding layer can include AA1100, AA1100A, AA1200, AA1200A,AA1300, AA1110, AA1120, AA1230, AA1230A, AA1235, AA1435, AA1145, AA1345,AA1445, AA1150, AA1350, AA1350A, AA1450, AA1370, AA1275, AA1185, AA1285,AA1385, AA1188, AA1190, AA1290, AA1193, AA1198, and AA1199.

Non-limiting exemplary AA2xxx series alloys for use as the claddinglayer can include AA2001, A2002, AA2004, AA2005, AA2006, AA2007,AA2007A, AA2007B, AA2008, AA2009, AA2010, AA2011, AA2011A, AA2111,AA2111A, AA2111B, AA2012, AA2013, AA2014, AA2014A, AA2214, AA2015,AA2016, AA2017, AA2017A, AA2117, AA2018, AA2218, AA2618, AA2618A,AA2219, AA2319, AA2419, AA2519, AA2021, AA2022, AA2023, AA2024, AA2024A,AA2124, AA2224, AA2224A, AA2324, AA2424, AA2524, AA2624, AA2724, AA2824,AA2025, AA2026, AA2027, AA2028, AA2028A, AA2028B, AA2028C, AA2029,AA2030, AA2031, AA2032, AA2034, AA2036, AA2037, AA2038, AA2039, AA2139,AA2040, AA2041, AA2044, AA2045, AA2050, AA2055, AA2056, AA2060, AA2065,AA2070, AA2076, AA2090, AA2091, AA2094, AA2095, AA2195, AA2295, AA2196,AA2296, AA2097, AA2197, AA2297, AA2397, AA2098, AA2198, AA2099, orAA2199.

Optionally, in some examples, AA2xxx series alloys for use as thecladding layer can include sufficient amounts of Si and Mg to provide ahigh content of magnesium silicide (Mg₂Si) precipitates duringprocessing. As used herein, a high Mg₂Si precipitate content refers to aMg₂Si precipitate content of from about 0.5% to about 1.5% (e.g., fromabout 0.75% to about 1.4% or from about 0.9% to about 1.2%). Forexample, the Mg₂Si precipitate content can be about 0.5%, 0.55%, 0.6%,0.65%, 0.7%, 0.75%, 0.8%, 0.85%, 0.9%, 0.95%, 1.0%, 1.05%, 1.1%, 1.15%,1.2%, 1.25%, 1.3%, 1.35%, 1.4%, 1.45%, or 1.5%.

Non-limiting exemplary AA3xxx series alloys for use as the claddinglayer can include AA3002, AA3102, AA3003, AA3103, AA3103A, AA3103B,AA3203, AA3403, AA3004, AA3004A, AA3104, AA3204, AA3304, AA3005,AA3005A, AA3105, AA3105A, AA3105B, AA3007, AA3107, AA3207, AA3207A,AA3307, AA3009, AA3010, AA3110, AA3011, AA3012, AA3012A, AA3013, AA3014,AA3015, AA3016, AA3017, AA3019, AA3020, AA3021, AA3025, AA3026, AA3030,AA3130, or AA3065.

Non-limiting exemplary AA4xxx series alloys for use as the claddinglayer can include AA4045, AA4004, AA4104, AA4006, AA4007, AA4008,AA4009, AA4010, AA4013, AA4014, AA4015, AA4015A, AA4115, AA4016, AA4017,AA4018, AA4019, AA4020, AA4021, AA4026, AA4032, AA4043, AA4043A, AA4143,AA4343, AA4643, AA4943, AA4044, AA4145, AA4145A, AA4046, AA4047,AA4047A, and AA4147.

Non-limiting exemplary AA5xxx series alloys for use as the claddinglayer can include AA5182, AA5183, AA5005, AA5005A, AA5205, AA5305,AA5505, AA5605, AA5006, AA5106, AA5010, AA5110, AA5110A, AA5210, AA5310,AA5016, AA5017, AA5018, AA5018A, AA5019, AA5019A, AA5119, AA5119A,AA5021, AA5022, AA5023, AA5024, AA5026, AA5027, AA5028, AA5040, AA5140,AA5041, AA5042, AA5043, AA5049, AA5149, AA5249, AA5349, AA5449, AA5449A,AA5050, AA5050A, AA5050C, AA5150, AA5051, AA5051A, AA5151, AA5251,AA5251A, AA5351, AA5451, AA5052, AA5252, AA5352, AA5154, AA5154A,AA5154B, AA5154C, AA5254, AA5354, AA5454, AA5554, AA5654, AA5654A,AA5754, AA5854, AA5954, AA5056, AA5356, AA5356A, AA5456, AA5456A,AA5456B, AA5556, AA5556A, AA5556B, AA5556C, AA5257, AA5457, AA5557,AA5657, AA5058, AA5059, AA5070, AA5180, AA5180A, AA5082, AA5182, AA5083,AA5183, AA5183A, AA5283, AA5283A, AA5283B, AA5383, AA5483, AA5086,AA5186, AA5087, AA5187, and AA5088.

Non-limiting exemplary AA6xxx series alloys for use as the claddinglayer can include AA6101, AA6101A, AA6101B, AA6201, AA6201A, AA6401,AA6501, AA6002, AA6003, AA6103, AA6005, AA6005A, AA6005B, AA6005C,AA6105, AA6205, AA6305, AA6006, AA6106, AA6206, AA6306, AA6008, AA6009,AA6010, AA6110, AA6110A, AA6011, AA6111, AA6012, AA6012A, AA6013,AA6113, AA6014, AA6015, AA6016, AA6016A, AA6116, AA6018, AA6019, AA6020,AA6021, AA6022, AA6023, AA6024, AA6025, AA6026, AA6027, AA6028, AA6031,AA6032, AA6033, AA6040, AA6041, AA6042, AA6043, AA6151, AA6351, AA6351A,AA6451, AA6951, AA6053, AA6055, AA6056, AA6156, AA6060, AA6160, AA6260,AA6360, AA6460, AA6460B, AA6560, AA6660, AA6061, AA6061A, AA6261,AA6361, AA6162, AA6262, AA6262A, AA6063, AA6063A, AA6463, AA6463A,AA6763, A6963, AA6064, AA6064A, AA6065, AA6066, AA6068, AA6069, AA6070,AA6081, AA6181, AA6181A, AA6082, AA6082A, AA6182, AA6091, and AA6092.

Non-limiting exemplary AA7xxx series alloys for use as the claddinglayer can include AA7011, AA7019, AA7020, AA7021, AA7039, AA7072,AA7075, AA7085, AA7108, AA7108A, AA7015, AA7017, AA7018, AA7019A,AA7024, AA7025, AA7028, AA7030, AA7031, AA7033, AA7035, AA7035A, AA7046,AA7046A, AA7003, AA7004, AA7005, AA7009, AA7010, AA7011, AA7012, AA7014,AA7016, AA7116, AA7122, AA7023, AA7026, AA7029, AA7129, AA7229, AA7032,AA7033, AA7034, AA7036, AA7136, AA7037, AA7040, AA7140, AA7041, AA7049,AA7049A, AA7149, AA7204, AA7249, AA7349, AA7449, AA7050, AA7050A,AA7150, AA7250, AA7055, AA7155, AA7255, AA7056, AA7060, AA7064, AA7065,AA7068, AA7168, AA7175, AA7475, AA7076, AA7178, AA7278, AA7278A, AA7081,AA7181, AA7185, AA7090, AA7093, AA7095, and AA7099.

Clad layers as described herein can improve surface corrosion resistanceproperties of the products, improve pretreatment efficiency, aidbending, riveting hole piercing and clinching, and can make the alloyproduct usable in T4 temper for some parts without hot forming.Moreover, when a filler wire alloy, such as AA5182 or AA7021, is used asthe clad layer, laser welding can be accomplished without using fillerwire.

In some examples, an alloy for use as the cladding layer can have thefollowing elemental composition as provided in Table 3.

TABLE 3 Element Weight Percentage (wt. %) Zn Up to 7.0  Mg Up to 6.0  CuUp to 0.35 Si 0.05-13.5 Fe 0.10-0.90 Mn Up to 1.5  Cr Up to 0.35 Zr Upto 0.30 Impurities Up to 0.15 Al Remainder

In some examples, the alloy for use as the cladding layer can have thefollowing elemental composition as provided in Table 4.

TABLE 4 Element Weight Percentage (wt. %) Zn Up to 6.0  Mg 0.1-3.5 Cu Upto 0.3  Si 0.05-0.40 Fe 0.20-0.40 Mn 0.10-0.80 Cr Up to 0.30 Zr Up to0.25 Impurities Up to 0.15 Al Remainder

In some examples, the alloy for use as the cladding layer can have thefollowing elemental composition as provided in Table 5.

TABLE 5 Element Weight Percentage (wt. %) Zn Up to 1.3  Mg 0.05-2.0  CuUp to 0.35 Si  0.6-13.5 Fe 0.10-0.80 Mn Up to 0.80 Cr Up to 0.35 Zr Upto 0.30 Impurities Up to 0.15 Al Remainder

In some examples, the alloy for use as the cladding layer can have thefollowing elemental composition as provided in Table 6.

TABLE 6 Element Weight Percentage (wt. %) Zn Up to 0.5  Mg 4.0-4.8 Cu Upto 0.1  Si 0.05-0.20 Fe 0.20-0.40 Mn 0.10-0.80 Cr Up to 0.20 Zr Up to0.25 Impurities Up to 0.15 Al Remainder

In some examples, the alloy described herein for use as the claddinglayer includes zinc (Zn) in an amount of up to about 7.0% (e.g., up toabout 1.0%, from about 3.5% to about 6.0%, from about 4.0% to about5.5%, from about 0.05% to about 0.25%, or from about 0.10% to about0.45%) based on the total weight of the alloy. For example, the alloycan include about 0.01%, about 0.02%, about 0.03%, about 0.04%, about0.05%, about 0.06%, about 0.07%, about 0.08%, about 0.09%, about 0.10%,about 0.11%, about 0.12%, about 0.13%, about 0.14%, about 0.15%, about0.16%, about 0.17%, about 0.18%, about 0.19%, about 0.20%, about 0.21%,about 0.22%, about 0.23%, about 0.24%, about 0.25%, about 0.26%, about0.27%, about 0.28%, about 0.29%, about 0.30%, about 0.31%, about 0.32%,about 0.33%, about 0.34%, about 0.35%, about 0.36%, about 0.37%, about0.38%, about 0.39%, about 0.40%, about 0.41%, about 0.42%, about 0.43%,about 0.44%, about 0.45%, about 0.46%, about 0.47%, about 0.48%, about0.49%, about 0.50%, about 0.51%, about 0.52%, about 0.53%, about 0.54%,about 0.55%, about 0.56%, about 0.57%, about 0.58%, about 0.59%, about0.60%, about 0.61%, about 0.62%, about 0.63%, about 0.64%, about 0.65%,about 0.66%, about 0.67%, about 0.68%, about 0.69%, about 0.70%, about0.71%, about 0.72%, about 0.73%, about 0.74%, about 0.75%, about 0.76%,about 0.77%, about 0.78%, about 0.79%, about 0.80%, about 0.81%, about0.82%, about 0.83%, about 0.84%, about 0.85%, about 0.86%, about 0.87%,about 0.88%, about 0.89%, about 0.90%, about 0.91%, about 0.92%, about0.93%, about 0.94%, about 0.95%, about 0.96%, about 0.97%, about 0.98%,about 0.99%, about 1.0%, about 1.1%, about 1.2%, about 1.3%, about 1.4%,about 1.5%, about 1.6%, about 1.7%, about 1.8%, about 1.9%, about 2.0%,about 2.1%, about 2.2%, about 2.3%, about 2.4%, about 2.5%, about 2.6%,about 2.7%, about 2.8%, about 2.9%, about 3.0%, about 3.1%, about 3.2%,about 3.3%, about 3.4%, about 3.5%, about 3.6%, about 3.7%, about 3.8%,about 3.9%, about 4.0%, about 4.1%, about 4.2%, about 4.3%, about 4.4%,about 4.5%, about 4.6%, about 4.7%, about 4.8%, about 4.9%, about 5.0%,about 5.1%, about 5.2%, about 5.3%, about 5.4%, about 5.5%, about 5.6%,about 5.7%, about 5.8%, about 5.9%, about 6.0%, about 6.1%, about 6.2%,about 6.3%, about 6.4%, about 6.5%, about 6.6%, about 6.7%, about 6.8%,about 6.9%, or about 7.0% Zn. In some cases, Zn is not present in thealloy (i.e., 0%). All expressed in wt. %.

In some examples, the alloy described herein for use as the claddinglayer also includes magnesium (Mg) in an amount of up to about 6.0%(e.g., from about 0.2% to about 5.7%, from about 1.2% to about 3.3%,from about 1.5% to about 2.5%, or from about 4.0% to about 4.8%) basedon the total weight of the alloy. For example, the alloy can includeabout 0.05%, about 0.1%, about 0.15%, about 0.2%, about 0.25%, about0.3%, about 0.35%, about 0.4%, about 0.45%, about 0.5%, about 0.55%,about 0.6%, about 0.65%, about 0.7%, about 0.75%, about 0.8%, about0.85%, about 0.9%, about 0.95%, about 1.0%, about 1.1%, about 1.2%,about 1.3%, about 1.4%, about 1.5%, about 1.6%, about 1.7%, about 1.8%,about 1.9%, about 2.0%, about 2.1%, about 2.2%, about 2.3%, about 2.4%,about 2.5%, about 2.6%, about 2.7%, about 2.8%, about 2.9%, about 3.0%,about 3.1%, about 3.2%, about 3.3%, about 3.4%, about 3.5%, about 3.6%,about 3.7%, about 3.8%, about 3.9%, about 4.0%, about 4.1%, about 4.2%,about 4.3%, about 4.4%, about 4.5%, about 4.6%, about 4.7%, about 4.8%,about 4.9%, about 5.0%, about 5.1%, about 5.2%, about 5.3%, about 5.4%,about 5.5%, about 5.6%, about 5.7%, about 5.8%, about 5.9%, or about6.0% Mg. All expressed in wt. %.

In some examples, the alloy described herein for use as the claddinglayer can also include copper (Cu) in an amount of up to about 0.35%(e.g., from 0% to about 0.30% or from about 0.1% to about 0.25%) basedon the total weight of the alloy. For example, the alloy can includeabout 0.01%, about 0.02%, about 0.03%, about 0.04%, about 0.05%, about0.06%, about 0.07%, about 0.08%, about 0.09%, about 0.10%, about 0.11%,about 0.12%, about 0.13%, about 0.14%, about 0.15%, about 0.16%, about0.17%, about 0.18%, about 0.19%, about 0.20%, about 0.21%, about 0.22%,about 0.23%, about 0.24%, about 0.25%, about 0.26%, about 0.27%, about0.28%, about 0.29%, about 0.30%, about 0.31%, about 0.32%, about 0.33%,about 0.34%, or about 0.35% Cu. In some cases, Cu is not present in thealloy (i.e., 0%). All expressed in wt. %.

In some examples, the alloy described herein for use as the claddinglayer also includes silicon (Si) in an amount of from about 0.05% toabout 13.5% (e.g., from about 0.1% to about 13.0%, from about 0.5% toabout 12.5%, from about 1% to about 10%, from about 2% to about 8%, fromabout 4% to about 7%, from about 0.05% to about 0.40%, from about 0.6%to about 13.5%, from about 0.10% to about 0.35% or from about 0.15% toabout 0.30%) based on the total weight of the alloy. For example, thealloy can include about 0.05%, about 0.06%, about 0.07%, about 0.08%,about 0.09%, about 0.10%, about 0.11%, about 0.12%, about 0.13%, about0.14%, about 0.15%, about 0.16%, about 0.17%, about 0.18%, about 0.19%,about 0.20%, about 0.21%, about 0.22%, about 0.23%, about 0.24%, about0.25%, about 0.26%, about 0.27%, about 0.28%, about 0.29%, about 0.30%,about 0.31%, about 0.32%, about 0.33%, about 0.34%, about 0.35%, about0.36%, about 0.37%, about 0.38%, about 0.39%, about 0.40%, about 0.41%,about 0.42%, about 0.43%, about 0.44%, about 0.45%, about 0.46%, about0.47%, about 0.48%, about 0.49%, about 0.50%, about 0.51%, about 0.52%,about 0.53%, about 0.54%, about 0.55%, about 0.56%, about 0.57%, about0.58%, about 0.59%, about 0.60%, about 0.61%, about 0.62%, about 0.63%,about 0.64%, about 0.65%, about 0.66%, about 0.67%, about 0.68%, about0.69%, about 0.70%, about 0.71%, about 0.72%, about 0.73%, about 0.74%,about 0.75%, about 0.76%, about 0.77%, about 0.78%, about 0.79%, about0.80%, about 0.81%, about 0.82%, about 0.83%, about 0.84%, about 0.85%,about 0.86%, about 0.87%, about 0.88%, about 0.89%, about 0.90%, about0.91%, about 0.92%, about 0.93%, about 0.94%, about 0.95%, about 0.96%,about 0.97%, about 0.98%, about 0.99%, about 1.0%, about 1.1%, about1.2%, about 1.3%, about 1.4%, about 1.5%, about 1.6%, about 1.7%, about1.8%, about 1.9%, about 2.0%, about 2.1%, about 2.2%, about 2.3%, about2.4%, about 2.5%, about 2.6%, about 2.7%, about 2.8%, about 2.9%, about3.0%, about 3.1%, about 3.2%, about 3.3%, about 3.4%, about 3.5%, about3.6%, about 3.7%, about 3.8%, about 3.9%, about 4.0%, about 4.1%, about4.2%, about 4.3%, about 4.4%, about 4.5%, about 4.6%, about 4.7%, about4.8%, about 4.9%, about 5.0%, about 5.1%, about 5.2%, about 5.3%, about5.4%, about 5.5%, about 5.6%, about 5.7%, about 5.8%, about 5.9%, about6.0%, about 6.1%, about 6.2%, about 6.3%, about 6.4%, about 6.5%, about6.6%, about 6.7%, about 6.8%, about 6.9%, about 7.0%, about 7.1%, about7.2%, about 7.3%, about 7.4%, about 7.5%, about 7.6%, about 7.7%, about7.8%, about 7.9%, about 8.0%, about 8.1%, about 8.2%, about 8.3%, about8.4%, about 8.5%, about 8.6%, about 8.7%, about 8.8%, about 8.9%, about9.0%, about 9.1%, about 9.2%, about 9.3%, about 9.4%, about 9.5%, about9.6%, about 9.7%, about 9.8%, about 9.9%, about 10.0%, about 10.1%,about 10.2%, about 10.3%, about 10.4%, about 10.5%, about 10.6%, about10.7%, about 10.8%, about 10.9%, about 11.0%, about 11.1%, about 11.2%,about 11.3%, about 11.4%, about 11.5%, about 11.6%, about 11.7%, about11.8%, about 11.9%, about 12.0%, about 12.1%, about 12.2%, about 12.3%,about 12.4%, about 12.5%, about 12.6%, about 12.7%, about 12.8%, about12.9%, about 13.0%, about 13.1%, about 13.2%, about 13.3%, about 13.4%,or about 13.5%. All expressed in wt. %.

In some examples, the alloy described herein for use as the claddinglayer also includes iron (Fe) in an amount of from about 0.10% to about0.90% (e.g., from about 0.20% to about 0.60%, from about 0.20% to about0.40%, or from about 0.25% to about 0.35%) based on the total weight ofthe alloy. For example, the alloy can include about 0.10%, about 0.11%,about 0.12%, about 0.13%, about 0.14%, about 0.15%, about 0.16%, about0.17%, about 0.18%, about 0.19%, about 0.20%, about 0.21%, about 0.22%,about 0.23%, about 0.24%, about 0.25%, about 0.26%, about 0.27%, about0.28%, about 0.29%, about 0.30%, about 0.31%, about 0.32%, about 0.33%,about 0.34%, about 0.35%, about 0.36%, about 0.37%, about 0.38%, about0.39%, about 0.40%, about 0.41%, about 0.42%, about 0.43%, about 0.44%,about 0.45%, about 0.46%, about 0.47%, about 0.48%, about 0.49%, about0.50%, about 0.51%, about 0.52%, about 0.53%, about 0.54%, about 0.55%,about 0.56%, about 0.57%, about 0.58%, about 0.59%, about 0.60%, about0.61%, about 0.62%, about 0.63%, about 0.64%, about 0.65%, about 0.66%,about 0.67%, about 0.68%, about 0.69%, about 0.70%, about 0.71%, about0.72%, about 0.73%, about 0.74%, about 0.75%, about 0.76%, about 0.77%,about 0.78%, about 0.79%, about 0.80%, about 0.81%, about 0.82%, about0.83%, about 0.84%, about 0.85%, about 0.86%, about 0.87%, about 0.88%,about 0.89%, or about 0.90% Fe. All expressed in wt. %.

In some examples, the alloy described herein for use as the claddinglayer can also include manganese (Mn) in an amount of up to about 1.5%(e.g., from about 0.1% to about 0.8%, from about 0.15% to about 0.55%,or from about 0.2% to about 0.35%) based on the total weight of thealloy. For example, the alloy can include about 0.01%, about 0.02%,about 0.03%, about 0.04%, about 0.05%, about 0.06%, about 0.07%, about0.08%, about 0.09%, about 0.10%, about 0.11%, about 0.12%, about 0.13%,about 0.14%, about 0.15%, about 0.16%, about 0.17%, about 0.18%, about0.19%, about 0.20%, about 0.21%, about 0.22%, about 0.23%, about 0.24%,about 0.25%, about 0.26%, about 0.27%, about 0.28%, about 0.29%, about0.30%, about 0.31%, about 0.32%, about 0.33%, about 0.34%, about 0.35%,about 0.36%, about 0.37%, about 0.38%, about 0.39%, about 0.40%, about0.41%, about 0.42%, about 0.43%, about 0.44%, about 0.45%, about 0.46%,about 0.47%, about 0.48%, about 0.49%, about 0.50%, about 0.51%, about0.52%, about 0.53%, about 0.54%, about 0.55%, about 0.56%, about 0.57%,about 0.58%, about 0.59%, about 0.60%, about 0.61%, about 0.62%, about0.63%, about 0.64%, about 0.65%, about 0.66%, about 0.67%, about 0.68%,about 0.69%, about 0.70%, about 0.71%, about 0.72%, about 0.73%, about0.74%, about 0.75%, about 0.76%, about 0.77%, about 0.78%, about 0.79%,about 0.80%, about 0.81%, about 0.82%, about 0.83%, about 0.84%, about0.85%, about 0.86%, about 0.87%, about 0.88%, about 0.89%, about 0.90%,about 0.91%, about 0.92%, about 0.93%, about 0.94%, about 0.95%, about0.96%, about 0.97%, about 0.98%, about 0.99%, about 1.0%, about 1.1%,about 1.2%, about 1.3%, about 1.4%, or about 1.5% Mn. In some cases, Mnis not present in the alloy (i.e., 0%). All expressed in wt. %.

In some examples, the alloy described herein for use as the claddinglayer can also include chromium (Cr) in an amount of up to about 0.35%(e.g., from 0% to about 0.25% or from about 0.01% to about 0.15%) basedon the total weight of the alloy. For example, the alloy can includeabout 0.01%, about 0.02%, about 0.03%, about 0.04%, about 0.05%, about0.06%, about 0.07%, about 0.08%, about 0.09%, about 0.10%, about 0.11%,about 0.12%, about 0.13%, about 0.14%, about 0.15%, about 0.16%, about0.17%, about 0.18%, about 0.19%, about 0.20%, about 0.21%, about 0.22%,about 0.23%, about 0.24%, about 0.25%, about 0.26%, about 0.27%, about0.28%, about 0.29%, about 0.30%, about 0.31%, about 0.32%, about 0.33%,about 0.34%, or about 0.35% Cr. In some cases, Cr is not present in thealloy (i.e., 0%). All expressed in wt. %.

In some examples, the alloy described herein for use as the claddinglayer can also include zirconium (Zr) in an amount of up to about 0.30%(e.g., from 0% to about 0.20% or from about 0.05% to about 0.15%) basedon the total weight of the alloy. For example, the alloy can includeabout 0.01%, about 0.02%, about 0.03%, about 0.04%, about 0.05%, about0.06%, about 0.07%, about 0.08%, about 0.09%, about 0.10%, about 0.11%,about 0.12%, about 0.13%, about 0.14%, about 0.15%, about 0.16%, about0.17%, about 0.18%, about 0.19%, about 0.20%, about 0.21%, about 0.22%,about 0.23%, about 0.24%, about 0.25%, about 0.26%, about 0.27%, about0.28%, about 0.29%, or about 0.30% Zr. In some cases, Zr is not presentin the alloy (i.e., 0%). All expressed in wt. %.

Optionally, the alloy described herein can further include other minorelements, sometimes referred to as impurities, in amounts of about 0.05%or below, about 0.04% or below, about 0.03% or below, about 0.02% orbelow, or about 0.01% or below each. These impurities may include, butare not limited to, V, Ni, Sn, Ga, Ca, Bi, Na, Pb, or combinationsthereof. Accordingly, V, Ni, Sn, Ga, Ca, Bi, Na, or Pb may be present inalloys in amounts of about 0.05% or below, about 0.04% or below, about0.03% or below, about 0.02% or below, or about 0.01% or below. The sumof all impurities does not exceed about 0.15% (e.g., about 0.10%). Allexpressed in wt. %. The remaining percentage of the alloy is aluminum.

The thickness of each cladding layer can be from about 1% to about 25%of the total thickness of the clad aluminum alloy products describedherein (e.g., from about 1% to about 12%, or about 10%). For example, inan aluminum alloy product having a thickness of 1000 microns, eachcladding layer can have a thickness of about 10 microns to about 250microns. Optionally, each cladding layer can have a thickness in therange of about 0.20 mm to about 0.80 mm.

As described above, the clad aluminum alloy products can contain onecladding layer or more than one cladding layer. In some cases, the cladaluminum alloy products contain only a first cladding layer. In somecases, the clad aluminum alloy products contain a first cladding layerand a second cladding layer. In some cases, the first cladding layer andthe second cladding layer are identical in composition. In other cases,the first cladding layer and the second cladding layer differ incomposition. The resulting clad aluminum alloy products exhibitexcellent balanced properties, such as strength, formability, corrosionresistance, dent resistance, and hemming performance.

Methods of Producing the Alloys and Clad Aluminum Alloy Products

The alloys described herein for use as the core and cladding layers canbe cast using any suitable casting method. As a few non-limitingexamples, the casting process can include a direct chill (DC) castingprocess or a continuous casting (CC) process.

A clad layer as described herein can be attached to a core layer asdescribed herein to form a cladded product by any means known to personsof ordinary skill in the art. For example, a clad layer can be attachedto a core layer by direct chill co-casting (i.e., fusion casting) asdescribed in, for example, U.S. Pat. Nos. 7,748,434 and 8,927,113, bothof which are hereby incorporated by reference in their entireties; byhot and cold rolling a composite cast ingot as described in U.S. Pat.No. 7,472,740, which is hereby incorporated by reference in itsentirety; or by roll bonding to achieve the required metallurgicalbonding between the core and the cladding; or by other methods as knownto persons of ordinary skill in the art. The initial dimensions andfinal dimensions of the clad aluminum alloy products described hereincan be determined by the desired properties of the overall finalproduct.

The roll bonding process can be carried out in different manners, asknown to those of ordinary skill in the art. For example, theroll-bonding process can include both hot rolling and cold rolling.Further, the roll bonding process can be a one-step process or amulti-step process in which the material is gauged down duringsuccessive rolling steps. Separate rolling steps can optionally beseparated by other processing steps, including, for example, annealingsteps, cleaning steps, heating steps, cooling steps, and the like.

The co-cast ingot or other cast product can be processed by any meansknown to those of ordinary skill in the art. Optionally, the processingsteps can be used to prepare sheets. Such processing steps include, butare not limited to, homogenization, hot rolling, cold rolling, solutionheat treatment, and an optional pre-aging step, as known to those ofordinary skill in the art.

In the homogenization step of a DC casting process, the co-cast ingotdescribed herein is heated to a temperature ranging from about 400° C.to about 500° C. For example, the ingot can be heated to a temperatureof about 400° C., about 410° C., about 420° C., about 430° C., about440° C., about 450° C., about 460° C., about 470° C., about 480° C.,about 490° C., or about 500° C. The ingot is then allowed to soak (i.e.,held at the indicated temperature) for a period of time. In someexamples, the total time for the homogenization step, including theheating and soaking phases, can be up to 24 hours. For example, theingot can be heated up to 500° C. and soaked, for a total time of up to18 hours for the homogenization step. Optionally, the ingot can beheated to below 490° C. and soaked, for a total time of greater than 18hours for the homogenization step. In some cases, the homogenizationstep comprises multiple processes. In some non-limiting examples, thehomogenization step includes heating the ingot to a first temperaturefor a first period of time followed by heating to a second temperaturefor a second period of time. For example, the ingot can be heated toabout 465° C. for about 3.5 hours and then heated to about 480° C. forabout 6 hours.

Following the homogenization step of the co-cast ingot, a hot rollingstep can be performed. Prior to the start of hot rolling, thehomogenized ingot can be allowed to cool to a temperature of from about300° C. to about 450° C. For example, the homogenized ingot can beallowed to cool to a temperature of from about 325° C. to about 425° C.or from about 350° C. to about 400° C. The ingots can then be hot rolledat a temperature between 300° C. to 450° C. to form a hot rolled plate,a hot rolled shate or a hot rolled sheet having a gauge of from about 3mm to about 200 mm (e.g., 3 mm, 4 mm, 5 mm, 6 mm, 7 mm, 8 mm, 9 mm, 10mm, 15 mm, 20 mm, 25 mm, 30 mm, 35 mm, 40 mm, 45 mm, 50 mm, 55 mm, 60mm, 65 mm, 70 mm, 75 mm, 80 mm, 85 mm, 90 mm, 95 mm, 100 mm, 110 mm, 120mm, 130 mm, 140 mm, 150 mm, 160 mm, 170 mm, 180 mm, 190 mm, 200 mm, oranywhere in between). Optionally, the cast product can be a continuouslycast product that can be allowed to cool to a temperature of from about300° C. to about 450° C. For example, the continuously cast product canbe allowed to cool to a temperature of from about 325° C. to about 425°C. or from about 350° C. to about 400° C. The continuously cast productcan then be hot rolled at a temperature of from about 300° C. to about450° C. to form a hot rolled plate, a hot rolled shate or a hot rolledsheet having a gauge of from about 3 mm to about 200 mm (e.g., 3 mm, 4mm, 5 mm, 6 mm, 7 mm, 8 mm, 9 mm, 10 mm, 15 mm, 20 mm, 25 mm, 30 mm, 35mm, 40 mm, 45 mm, 50 mm, 55 mm, 60 mm, 65 mm, 70 mm, 75 mm, 80 mm, 85mm, 90 mm, 95 mm, 100 mm, 110 mm, 120 mm, 130 mm, 140 mm, 150 mm, 160mm, 170 mm, 180 mm, 190 mm, 200 mm, or anywhere in between). During hotrolling, temperatures and other operating parameters can be controlledso that the temperature of the clad alloy hot rolled product upon exitfrom the hot rolling mill is no more than about 470° C., no more thanabout 450° C., no more than about 440° C., or no more than about 430° C.

The clad plate, shate, or sheet can then be cold rolled usingconventional cold rolling mills and technology. The cold rolled cladsheet can have a gauge of from about 0.5 mm to about 10 mm, e.g.,between about 0.7 mm to about 6.5 mm. Optionally, the cold rolled cladsheet can have a gauge of 0.5 mm, 1.0 mm, 1.5 mm, 2.0 mm, 2.5 mm, 3.0mm, 3.5 mm, 4.0 mm, 4.5 mm, 5.0 mm, 5.5 mm, 6.0 mm, 6.5 mm, 7.0 mm, 7.5mm, 8.0 mm, 8.5 mm, 9.0 mm, 9.5 mm, or 10.0 mm. The cold rolling can beperformed to result in a final gauge thickness that represents a gaugereduction of up to about 85% (e.g., up to about 10%, up to about 20%, upto about 30%, up to about 40%, up to about 50%, up to about 60%, up toabout 70%, up to about 80%, or up to about 85% reduction). Optionally,an interannealing step can be performed during the cold rolling step.The interannealing step can be performed at a temperature of from about300° C. to about 450° C. (e.g., about 310° C., about 320° C., about 330°C., about 340° C., about 350° C., about 360° C., about 370° C., about380° C., about 390° C., about 400° C., about 410° C., about 420° C.,about 430° C., about 440° C., or about 450° C.). In some cases, theinterannealing step comprises multiple processes. In some non-limitingexamples, the interannealing step includes heating the clad plate,shate, or sheet to a first temperature for a first period of timefollowed by heating to a second temperature for a second period of time.For example, the clad plate, shate, or sheet can be heated to about 410°C. for about 1 hour and then heated to about 330° C. for about 2 hours.

Subsequently, the clad plate, shate, or sheet can undergo a solutionheat treatment step. The solution heat treatment step can include anyconventional treatment for the clad sheet which results in solutionizingof the soluble particles. The clad plate, shate, or sheet can be heatedto a peak metal temperature (PMT) of up to about 590° C. (e.g., fromabout 400° C. to about 590° C.) and soaked for a period of time at thetemperature. For example, the clad plate, shate or sheet can be soakedat about 480° C. for a soak time of up to about 30 minutes (e.g., 0seconds, about 60 seconds, about 75 seconds, about 90 seconds, about 5minutes, about 10 minutes, about 20 minutes, about 25 minutes, or about30 minutes). After heating and soaking, the clad plate, shate, or sheetis rapidly cooled at rates greater than 50° C./second (° C./s) to atemperature from about 500° C. to about 200° C. In one example, the cladplate, shate or sheet has a quench rate of above 200° C./s attemperatures from about 450° C. to about 200° C. Optionally, the coolingrates can be faster in other cases.

After quenching, the clad plate, shate or sheet can optionally undergo apre-aging treatment by reheating the plate, shate, or sheet beforecoiling. The pre-aging treatment can be performed at a temperature offrom about 50° C. to about 150° C. for a period of time of up to about 6hours. For example, the pre-aging treatment can be performed at atemperature of about 50° C., about 55° C., about 60° C., about 65° C.,about 70° C., about 75° C., about 80° C., about 85° C., about 90° C.,about 95° C., about 100° C., about 105° C., about 110° C., about 115°C., about 120° C., about 125° C., about 130° C., about 135° C., about140° C., about 145° C., or about 150° C. Optionally, the pre-agingtreatment can be performed for about 30 minutes, about 1 hour, about 2hours, about 3 hours, about 4 hours, about 5 hours, or about 6 hours.The pre-aging treatment can be carried out by passing the plate, shate,or sheet through a heating device, such as a device that emits radiantheat, convective heat, induction heat, infrared heat, or the like.

The co-cast ingots or other co-cast products described herein can alsobe used to make products in the form of plates or other suitableproducts. The products can be made using techniques as known to those ofordinary skill in the art. For example, plates including the cladproducts as described herein can be prepared by processing a co-castingot in a homogenization step or casting a co-cast product in acontinuous caster followed by a hot rolling step. In the hot rollingstep, the cast product can be hot rolled to a 200 mm thick gauge or less(e.g., from about 10 mm to about 200 mm). For example, the cast productcan be hot rolled to a plate having a final gauge thickness of about 10mm to about 175 mm, about 15 mm to about 150 mm, about 20 mm to about125 mm, about 25 mm to about 100 mm, about 30 mm to about 75 mm, orabout 35 mm to about 50 mm.

Properties of Clad Aluminum Alloy Products

The clad aluminum alloy products described herein can be designed toachieve any desired strength level as determined by persons of ordinaryskill in the art. For example, the clad aluminum alloy productsdescribed herein can have yield strengths of up to about 600 MPa (e.g.,from about 400 MPa to about 600 MPa, from about 450 MPa to about 600MPa, or from about 500 MPa to about 600 MPa). In some examples, theyield strengths of the products can be about 400 MPa, about 425 MPa,about 450 MPa, about 475 MPa, about 500 MPa, about 525 MPa, about 550MPa, about 575 MPa, or about 600 MPa.

In addition, the clad aluminum alloy products described herein can haveelongations of up to about 20%. For example, the elongations can beabout 10%, about 11%, about 12%, about 13%, about 14%, about 15%, about16%, about 17%, about 18%, about 19%, or about 20%.

Further, the clad aluminum alloy products described herein can havestrong bendability properties. A bend angle of from about 45° to about120° can be achieved, based on the desired use of the product, asmeasured by a three-point bend test according to VDA Standard 238-100,normalized to 2.0 mm. For example, the clad aluminum products describedherein can achieve a bend angle of about 45°, about 50°, about 55°,about 60°, about 65°, about 70°, about 75°, about 80°, about 85°, about90°, about 95°, about 100°, about 105°, about 110°, about 115°, or about120°.

In some examples, a clad aluminum alloy sheet made according to a methoddescribed herein can have a minimum R/t ratio (i.e., f-factor) of about1.2 without cracking. The R/t ratio can provide an assessment of thebendability of a material. As described below, the bendability isassessed based on the R/t ratio, where R is the radius of the tool (die)used and t is the thickness of the material. A lower R/t ratio indicatesbetter bendability of the material. The R/t ratio of the aluminum alloysdescribed herein can be about 1.1 or lower (e.g., about 1.0 or lower,about 0.9 or lower, about 0.8 or lower, or about 0.7 or lower).

Methods of Using the Clad Aluminum Alloy Products

The clad aluminum alloy products described herein can be used inautomotive applications and other transportation applications, includingaircraft and railway applications. For example, the clad aluminum alloyproducts can be used to prepare automotive structural parts, such asbumpers, side beams, roof beams, cross beams, pillar reinforcements(e.g., A-pillars, B-pillars, and C-pillars), inner panels, outer panels,side panels, inner hoods, outer hoods, or trunk lid panels. The cladaluminum alloy products and methods described herein can also be used inaircraft or railway vehicle applications, to prepare, for example,external and internal panels. In some examples, the clad aluminum alloyproducts can be used in aerospace structural and non-structural parts orin marine structural or non-structural parts.

The clad aluminum alloy products and methods described herein can alsobe used in electronics applications. For example, the clad aluminumalloy products and methods described herein can be used to preparehousings for electronic devices, including mobile phones and tabletcomputers. In some examples, the clad aluminum alloy products can beused to prepare housings for the outer casings of mobile phones (e.g.,smart phones) and tablet bottom chassis.

The clad aluminum alloy products and methods described herein can alsobe used in other applications as desired. The clad aluminum alloyproducts described herein can be provided as clad aluminum alloy sheetsand/or clad aluminum alloy plates suitable for further processing by anend user. For example, a clad aluminum alloy sheet can be furthersubjected to surface treatments by an end user for use as anarchitectural skin panel for aesthetic and structural purposes.

The following examples will serve to further illustrate the presentinvention without, at the same time, however, constituting anylimitation thereof. On the contrary, it is to be clearly understood thatresort may be had to various embodiments, modifications and equivalentsthereof which, after reading the description herein, may suggestthemselves to those skilled in the art without departing from the spiritof the invention. During the studies described in the followingexamples, conventional procedures were followed, unless otherwisestated. Some of the procedures are described below for illustrativepurposes.

Example 1

Clad Aluminum Alloy

Clad aluminum alloy products were produced by preparing a co-cast ingotincluding an AA7xxx series core that was clad on both sides,homogenizing at 465° C. for 3.5 hours and then 480° C. for 6 hours, andhot rolling to a thickness of 10.5 mm at a temperature between 300° C.and 350° C. The hot rolled sheets were then cold rolled to a thicknessof 2.0 mm and subsequently solution heat treated at a peak metaltemperature (PMT) ranging from 425° C. to 550° C. for 15 minutes.

As shown in Table 7, Alloys 1, 2, and 3, which are 7xxx series alloys,were used as the core alloys to produce the samples of Table 8. Alloys4, 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9 were used as the cladding layers to produce thesamples of Table 8.

TABLE 7 Core Cladding Alloy Alloy Alloy Alloy Alloy Alloy Alloy AlloyAlloy Element 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Si 0.10 0.09 0.10 0.10 0.09 0.10 10.0 0.1  0.1  Fe 0.15 0.16 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.80 0.15 0.48 Cu 0.15 1.340.30 — 0.02 0.10 0.30 0.0  0.02 Mn 0.05 0.048 0.0 0.75 0.23 0.10 0.050.15 0.19 Mg 1.50 2.52 2.3 4.75 4.15 0.10 0.05 1.60 0.1  Cr — 0.02 0.040.15 — — — — — Ti 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02  0.014 0.02 0.20 — — Zn 5.35 5.729.2 — — 1.0  0.10 5.6  0.02 Zr 0.10 0.1 0.10 — — — — — — All expressedin wt. %. Up to 0.15 wt. % impurities. Remainder is Al.

Sample products were prepared by combining the core layers and thecladding layers of Table 7, as shown in Table 8.

TABLE 8 Core Cladding Number of Cladding Layer Sample Layer LayerCladding Layers Thickness A Alloy 2 Alloy 5 2 Each layer is 12% of thetotal thickness of the clad product B Alloy 1 Alloy 4 2 Each layer is12% of the total thickness of the clad product C Alloy 1 Alloy 6 2 Eachlayer is 12% of the total thickness of the clad product D Alloy 1 Alloy7 2 Each layer is 12% of the total thickness of the clad product E Alloy2 Alloy 4 2 Each layer is 12% of the total thickness of the clad productF Alloy 2 Alloy 6 2 Each layer is 12% of the total thickness of the cladproduct G Alloy 2 Alloy 7 2 Each layer is 12% of the total thickness ofthe clad product

Example 2

Clad aluminum alloy products were prepared according to the methoddescribed in Example 1. As shown in Table 9, Alloys 10 and 11 are 7xxxseries aluminum alloys that were used as the core alloys to produce thesamples of Table 10. Alloys 12 and 13 were used as the cladding layersto produce the samples of Table 10.

TABLE 9 Core Cladding Element Alloy 10 Alloy 11 Alloy 12 Alloy 13 Si0.10 0.06 0.25 0.30 Fe 0.15 0.08 0.40 0.40 Cu 2.0-2.6 1.3-2.0 0.25 0.10Mn 0.05 0.04 0.10 0.10-0.40 Mg 1.8-2.3 1.2-1.8 1.2-1.8 2.30-3.30 Cr 0.040.04 0.05 0.15-0.25 Zn 7.6-8.4 7.0-8.0 5.0-6.0 3.5-4.5 Zr 0.08-0.250.05-0.25 0.08-0.18 — All expressed in wt. %. Up to 0.15 wt. %impurities. Remainder is Al.

Sample products were prepared by combining the core layers and thecladding layers as shown in Table 10.

TABLE 10 Core Cladding Number of Cladding Layer Sample Layer LayerCladding Layers Thickness H Alloy 10 Alloy 12 2 Each layer is 12% of thetotal thickness of the clad product I Alloy 10 Alloy 13 2 Each layer is12% of the total thickness of the clad product J Alloy 11 Alloy 12 2Each layer is 12% of the total thickness of the clad product K Alloy 11Alloy 13 2 Each layer is 12% of the total thickness of the clad product

Example 3

Clad Aluminum Alloy Strength Properties

Sample A clad aluminum alloys (Table 8) were produced according tomethods described herein. Test samples were taken from a cold rolledclad aluminum alloy sheet at distances of 0 meters (m), 50 m, and 100 mfrom the leading edge of the cold rolled clad aluminum alloy sheet.Yield and tensile strength tests were performed according to ASTM B557.FIG. 1 shows the yield strength (Rp) of an exemplary alloy in a T6temper solutionized via a batch-type procedure and quenched by a fullwater quench (referred to as “FWQ”) procedure (left and center set ofhistograms). The exemplary alloy in T6 temper was also quenched bynatural cooling in air (referred to as “Natural AQ” in FIG. 1 ) (rightset of histograms). Solutionizing parameters are listed below eachsample set of histograms.

FIG. 2 shows yield strength (Rp) as a function of position across awidth of the aluminum alloy sheet in T6 temper. The aluminum alloy sheetwas solutionized at a temperature of 450° C. and allowed to soak for 10minutes at 450° C. and quenched with water. Yield strength test sampleswere taken from the outer edge (left histogram, referred to as “edge”),center (right histogram, referred to as “center”) and a midpoint betweenthe edge and center (center histogram, referred to as “quarter”). Ahigher yield strength was observed at the center across the width of thesheet.

FIG. 3 presents the effects of quenching on yield strength (Rp) ofexemplary aluminum alloys cold rolled to a 2 mm gauge. Aluminum alloysheets were solutionized and quenched via a natural air quench (AQ)(left histogram), a forced air quench (second from left histogram), awarm water quench (WQ) (water temperature 55° C., third from lefthistogram) and a room temperature (RT) (e.g., between about 20° C. and25° C.) water quench (WQ) (right histogram). The sheets were in T6temper.

FIGS. 4 and 5 show the effects of a pre-aging heat treatment (sometimesreferred to as “PX”) on natural age (NA) hardening of exemplary aluminumalloy sheets in T4 temper (FIG. 4 ) and T6 temper (FIG. 5 ). Pre-agingwas performed by heating the samples to temperatures of 60° C.(indicated by diamonds in FIGS. 4 and 5 ), 90° C. (indicated bytriangles in FIGS. 4 and 5 ), or 120° C. (indicated by circles in FIGS.4 and 5 ) and maintaining the temperature for 1 hour. Pre-aging was alsoperformed by heating aluminum alloy sheet coils to 90° C. and allowingthem to cool in air (indicated by X in FIGS. 4 and 5 ) or by heatingaluminum alloy sheet coils to 120° C. and allowing them to cool in airto simulate natural air cooling of a production coil (indicated by + inFIGS. 4 and 5 ). Additionally, a control sample not subjected topre-aging (indicated by squares in FIGS. 4 and 5 ) was tested. Pre-agingstabilizes the natural age hardening of the exemplary alloy.

FIGS. 6 and 7 show the effects of combining pre-aging and artificialaging on yield strength (Rp, FIG. 6 ) and tensile strength (Rm, FIG. 7 )of exemplary alloys in T4 temper and after subjecting to heat treatmentat various temperatures for various periods after two weeks of naturalaging, as indicated in the figure. Pre-aging was performed by heatingsamples to temperatures of 60° C. (second from left histogram in eachgroup), 90° C. (third from left histogram in each group), or 120° C.(right histogram in each group) and maintaining the temperature for 1hour. Additionally, a control sample not subjected to pre-aging wastested (left histogram in each group). Artificial aging was performed at180° C. for 20 minutes (second from left group of histograms), 150° C.for 1 hour (third from left group of histograms), 150° C. for 5 hours(fourth from left group of histograms), and 120° C. for 24 hours (rightgroup of histograms). Additionally, a control group not subjected toartificial aging (left group of histograms) was tested.

Example 4

Clad Aluminum Alloy Post-Production Properties

Downstream processing of the Sample A product (Table 8) was performed,including forming the sheets into aluminum alloy parts and coating thealuminum alloy parts. FIGS. 8, 9 , and 10 show the effects of furtherprocessing of aluminum alloys on yield strength (Rp). FIG. 8 shows theeffect of pre-straining on exemplary aluminum alloy samples pre-aged andnaturally aged (referred to as “NA”) for 2 weeks. Samples werepre-strained 2% (right histogram in each group). Additionally, a controlgroup not subjected to pre-straining (left histogram in each group) wastested. Pre-aging was performed by heating samples to temperatures of60° C. (second from left group of histograms), 90° C. (third from leftgroup of histograms), or 120° C. (right group of histograms) andmaintaining the temperature for 1 hour. Additionally, a control samplenot subjected to pre-aging was tested (left group of histograms).

FIG. 9 shows the effect of paint baking on exemplary aluminum alloysamples pre-aged and naturally aged (referred to as “NA”) for 2 weeks.Samples were paint baked at a temperature of 180° C. for 30 minutes(right histogram in each group). Additionally, a control group notsubjected to paint baking (left histogram in each group) was tested.Pre-aging was performed by heating samples to temperatures of 60° C.(second from left group of histograms), 90° C. (third from left group ofhistograms), or 120° C. (right group of histograms) and maintaining thetemperature for 1 hour. Additionally, a control sample not subjected topre-aging was tested (left group of histograms).

FIG. 10 shows the effect of paint baking after pre-aging, natural aging,and artificial aging (referred to as “NA”) for 2 weeks. Pre-aging wasperformed by heating samples to temperatures of 60° C. (second from lefthistogram in each group), 90° C. (third from left histogram in eachgroup), or 120° C. (right histogram in each group) and maintaining thetemperature for 1 hour. Additionally, a control sample not subjected topre-aging was tested (left histogram in each group). Artificial agingwas performed at 150° C. for 1 hour (left two groups of histograms), andto full T6 temper (right group of histograms). Paint baking wasperformed at 180° C. for 30 minutes.

Clad Aluminum Alloy Formability Properties

The formability properties of Sample A (Table 8) were assessed, asdetailed below. FIG. 11 shows the effect of a pre-aging and naturalaging (NA) heat treatment on formability (A80, y-axis) of exemplaryaluminum alloy sheets in T4 temper. Pre-aging was performed by heatingsamples to temperatures of 60° C. (indicated by diamonds), 90° C.(indicated by triangles), or 120° C. (indicated by circles) andmaintaining the temperature for 1 hour. Pre-aging was also performed byheating aluminum alloy sheet coils to 90° C. and allowing them to coolin air to simulate natural air cooling of a production coil (indicatedby X) or by heating aluminum alloy sheet coils to 120° C. and allowingthem to cool in air (indicated by +). Additionally, a control sample notsubjected to pre-aging (indicated by squares) was tested. Pre-aging doesnot significantly affect elongation of the exemplary alloy. A coilcooling technique (e.g., by the natural air cooling of a production coilor by heating aluminum alloy sheet coils to an elevated temperature andallowing them to cool in air) does increase yield strength and does notsubstantially decrease elongation.

The bendability properties of Sample A (Table 8) were assessed. Thebendability parameters of a bendability experiment are illustrated inFIG. 12 . Bendability is described in terms of angle alpha (α) or anglebeta (β). FIG. 13 shows the effects of pre-aging and natural aging (NA)on bendability (r/t) of exemplary aluminum alloys described herein.Pre-aging was performed by heating samples to temperatures of 60° C.(indicated by diamonds), 90° C. (indicated by triangles) or 120° C.(indicated by circles) and maintaining the temperature for 1 hour.Additionally, a control sample not subjected to pre-aging (indicated bysquares in FIG. 13 ) was tested. FIG. 14 shows the effects of pre-agingand natural aging (NA) on bend angle (DC alpha) of exemplary aluminumalloys described herein. Pre-aging was performed by heating samples totemperatures of 60° C. (indicated by diamonds), 90° C. (indicated bytriangles) or 120° C. (indicated by circles) and maintaining thetemperature for 1 hour. Additionally, a control sample not subjected topre-aging (indicated by squares in FIG. 14 ) was tested. Bendabilitydegraded with natural aging.

FIGS. 15 and 16 show the effects of pre-aging and natural aging onformability (A80 and DC alpha) and yield strength (Rp) of exemplaryaluminum alloys in T4 temper. Pre-aging was performed by heating samplesto temperatures of 60° C. (indicated by diamonds), 90° C. (indicated bytriangles) or 120° C. (indicated by circles) and maintaining thetemperature for 1 hour. Additionally, a control sample not subjected topre-aging (indicated by squares) was tested. Natural aging was performedby storing the alloys for 7 days (left point in each line and scatterplot), 14 days (center point in each line and scatter plot), and 31 days(right point in each line and scatter plot). FIG. 15 shows the effectson alloy elongation (A80). FIG. 16 shows the effects on bend angle (DCalpha).

FIG. 17 shows the effects of combining pre-aging and natural aging onbend angle (DC alpha) of exemplary aluminum alloys in T4 (left groupingof histograms) and T6 temper (right three groupings of histograms).Pre-aging was performed by heating samples to temperatures of 60° C.(second from left histogram in each group), 90° C. (third from lefthistogram in each group) or 120° C. (right histogram in each group) andmaintaining the temperature for 1 hour. Additionally, a control samplenot subjected to pre-aging (indicated by squares) was tested (lefthistogram in each group). Artificial aging was performed at 150° C. for1 hour (second from left group of histograms), 150° C. for 5 hours(third from left group of histograms), and 120° C. for 24 hours (rightgroup of histograms). Additionally, a control group in T4 temper and notsubjected to artificial aging (left group of histograms) was tested.Bendability decreased as strength increased.

TABLE 11 Core Cladding Number of Cladding Layer Sample Layer LayerCladding Layers Thickness L Alloy 3 Alloy 9 2 Each layer is 10% of thetotal thickness of the clad product M Alloy 3 Alloy 5 2 Each layer is10% of the total thickness of the clad product N Alloy 3 Alloy 8 2 Eachlayer is 10% of the total thickness of the clad product

The bendability versus strength properties of Sample A (Table 8),Samples L, M, and N (Table 11), and Alloy 3 and Alloy 2 (Table 7) wereassessed, as detailed below. FIG. 18A is a graph showing the bendability(DC alpha, normalized to 2.0 mm (°), performed according to VDA standard238-100) versus yield strength (Rp (MPa)) for alloys prepared andprocessed according to methods described above. Sample A in T4 temper2310 exhibited excellent bendability and a yield strength ranging fromabout 250 MPa to about 300 MPa. Sample A in T6 temper 2320 exhibitedexcellent bendability and a yield strength ranging from about 325 MPa toabout 400 MPa. Alloy 3 clad with any of Alloy 9 (Sample L), Alloy 5(Sample M), or Alloy 8 (Sample N) in T6 temper 2330 exhibited excellentstrength and bend angles ranging from about 45° to about 70°. Alloy 3 inT6 temper 2340 exhibited high strength and bend angles ranging fromabout 45° to about 55°. Alloy 2 in T6 temper 2350 exhibited highstrength and bend angles ranging from about 35° to about 65°. Alloy 2 inT4 temper 2360 exhibited yield strengths ranging from about 225 MPa toabout 375 MPa and bend angles ranging from about 60° to about 80°. Asshown in FIG. 18A, aluminum alloys having a cladding layer (Sample A inT6 temper 2320 and Alloy 3 clad with any of Alloy 9 (Sample L), Alloy 5(Sample M), or Alloy 8 (Sample N) in T6 temper 2330) exhibited optimalbendability and strength properties. The properties of Alloy 3 clad withany of Alloy 9 (Sample L), Alloy 5 (Sample M), or Alloy 8 (Sample N) inT6 temper 2330 fall within the optimal zone 2370.

FIG. 18B is a graph showing the bendability (DC alpha, normalized to 2.0mm) versus yield strength (Rp (MPa)) for alloys prepared and processedaccording to methods described above. Samples L, M, and N (Table 11)were assessed, as detailed below. Samples L, M, and N in T4 temper 2380and Samples L, M, and N in T6 temper 2390 were analyzed to show theeffect of aging on the alloys. Samples L, M, and N in T4 temper 2380exhibited greater bendability than Samples L, M, and N in T6 temper2390. Likewise, Samples L, M, and N in T6 temper 2390 exhibited greaterstrength than Samples L, M, and N in T4 temper 2380. As shown in FIG.18B, the Alloy 5 cladding layer (data indicated by solid squares) andAlloy 8 cladding layer (data indicated by solid diamonds) improved thebendability (i.e., formability) of Alloy 3 when compared to claddinglayer Alloy 9 (data indicated by solid circles).

Clad Aluminum Alloy Corrosion Resistance

The corrosion resistance properties of Sample A were assessed, asdetailed below. Corrosion testing was performed according to ASTMstandard G34, Standard Test Method for Exfoliation CorrosionSusceptibility in 2xxx and 7xxx Series Aluminum Alloys (EXCO Test).

FIG. 19 shows the effect of corrosion testing on Alloy 2. FIG. 20 is amicrograph showing the microstructure of Sample A. The sample was takenfrom an outer edge across a width of the aluminum alloy sheet. The outeredge sample exhibited a slightly higher degree of recrystallization nearthe core-clad interface 3030.

Clad Aluminum Alloy Interface

FIG. 21 shows a microstructure and the interfacial transition zones ofSample A. FIG. 21 is a micrograph taken from a sample extracted 100 mfrom a leading edge of Sample A.

Joining

Exemplary clad aluminum alloy samples were prepared according to methodsdescribed above. Two samples were cut from Sample A (see Table 8) tosubstantially similar dimensions and welded together via a partialpenetration weld technique. No cracking was observed in a heat affectedzone (HAZ) about the weld. FIG. 22A is a cross-sectional micrograph ofthe weld. Five different zones, including a core 2110, a bead edge 2120,a bead center 2130, a bead root 2140, and a bead surface 2150, wereevaluated for composition. FIG. 22B is a graph showing the chemicalcomposition in each zone. The composition of the weld bead washomogeneous, with lower Zn and higher Mg content attributed to the Alloy5 aluminum alloy cladding layer dissolving in a weld pool duringwelding. The reduced Zn content is indicated with a departure from anominal Zn line (indicated by small dashes).

Exemplary clad aluminum alloy samples were prepared according to methodsdescribed above. Two samples were cut from Sample A (see Table 8) tosubstantially similar dimensions and riveted together. Samples preparedfor riveting were in an F temper, a T4 temper, and a T6 temper. FIG. 23Ais a digital image showing a top view of the riveted samples. FIG. 23Bis a cross-sectional micrograph of the riveted samples.

Illustrations of Suitable Products

As used below, any reference to a series of illustrations is to beunderstood as a reference to each of those illustrations disjunctively(e.g., “Illustrations 1-4” is to be understood as “Illustrations 1, 2,3, or 4”).

Illustration 1 is a clad aluminum alloy product, comprising: a corelayer comprising up to 12.0 wt. % Zn, 1.0 to 4.0 wt. % Mg, 0.1 to 3.0wt. % Cu, up to 0.60 wt. % Si, up to 0.50 wt. % Fe, up to 0.20 wt. % Mn,up to 0.20 wt. % Cr, up to 0.30 wt. % Zr, up to 0.15 wt. % impurities,and the balance aluminum, wherein the core layer has a first side and asecond side; and a first cladding layer on the first side of the corelayer, wherein the first cladding layer comprises up to about 7.0 wt. %Zn, up to 6.0 wt. % Mg, up to 0.35 wt. % Cu, 0.05 to 13.5 wt. % Si, 0.10to 0.90 wt. % Fe, up to 1.5 wt. % Mn, up to 0.35 wt. % Cr, up to 0.30wt. % Zr, up to 0.15 wt. % impurities, and the balance aluminum.

Illustration 2 is the clad aluminum alloy product of any preceding orsubsequent illustration, wherein the core layer comprises about 5.0 to9.5 wt. % Zn, 1.2 to 2.3 wt. % Mg, 0.10 to 2.6 wt. % Cu, up to 0.10 wt.% Si, up to 0.15 wt. % Fe, up to 0.05 wt. % Mn, up to 0.05 wt. % Cr, upto 0.25 wt. % Zr, up to 0.15 wt. % impurities, and the balance aluminum.

Illustration 3 is the clad aluminum alloy product of any preceding orsubsequent illustration, wherein the first cladding layer comprises upto about 6.0 wt. % Zn, 0.1 to 3.5 wt. % Mg, up to 0.3 wt. % Cu, 0.05 to0.40 wt. % Si, 0.20 to 0.40 wt. % Fe, 0.10 to 0.80 wt. % Mn, up to 0.30wt. % Cr, up to 0.25 wt. % Zr, up to 0.15 wt. % impurities, and thebalance aluminum.

Illustration 4 is the clad aluminum alloy product of any preceding orsubsequent illustration, wherein the first cladding layer comprises upto about 1.3 wt. % Zn, 0.05 to 2.0 wt. % Mg, up to 0.35 wt. % Cu, 0.6 to13.5 wt. % Si, 0.10 to 0.80 wt. % Fe, up to 0.80 wt. % Mn, up to 0.35wt. % Cr, up to 0.30 wt. % Zr, up to 0.15 wt. % impurities, and thebalance aluminum.

Illustration 5 is the clad aluminum alloy product of any preceding orsubsequent illustration, wherein the first cladding layer comprises upto about 0.5 wt. % Zn, 4.0 to 4.8 wt. % Mg, up to 0.1 wt. % Cu, 0.05 to0.2 wt. % Si, 0.20 to 0.40 wt. % Fe, 0.1 to 0.8 wt. % Mn, up to 0.2 wt.% Cr, up to 0.25 wt. % Zr, up to 0.15 wt. % impurities, and the balancealuminum.

Illustration 6 is the clad aluminum alloy product of any preceding orsubsequent illustration, wherein the core layer has a thickness of about0.5 to 3 mm.

Illustration 7 is the clad aluminum alloy product of any preceding orsubsequent illustration, wherein the core layer has a thickness of about0.7 to 2.3 mm.

Illustration 8 is the clad aluminum alloy product of any preceding orsubsequent illustration, wherein the core layer has a thickness of about2 mm.

Illustration 9 is the clad aluminum alloy product of any preceding orsubsequent illustration, wherein the first cladding layer has athickness of about 1 to 25% of a total thickness of the clad aluminumalloy product.

Illustration 10 is the clad aluminum alloy product of any preceding orsubsequent illustration, wherein the first cladding layer has athickness of about 1 to 12% of the total thickness of the clad aluminumalloy product.

Illustration 11 is the clad aluminum alloy product of any preceding orsubsequent illustration, wherein the first cladding layer has athickness of about 10% of the total thickness of the clad aluminum alloyproduct.

Illustration 12 is the clad aluminum alloy product of any preceding orsubsequent illustration, further comprising a second cladding layerlocated on the second side of the core layer.

Illustration 13 is the clad aluminum alloy product of any preceding orsubsequent illustration, wherein the first cladding layer and the secondcladding layer comprise the same or different alloys.

Illustration 14 is the clad aluminum alloy product of any preceding orsubsequent illustration, wherein the second cladding layer comprises upto about 7.0 wt. % Zn, up to 6.0 wt. % Mg, up to 0.35 wt. % Cu, 0.05 to13.5 wt. % Si, 0.10 to 0.90 wt. % Fe, up to 1.5 wt. % Mn, up to 0.35 wt.% Cr, up to 0.30 wt. % Zr, up to 0.15 wt. % impurities, and the balancealuminum.

Illustration 15 is the clad aluminum alloy product of any preceding orsubsequent illustration, wherein the second cladding layer comprises upto about 6.0 wt. % Zn, 0.1 to 3.5 wt. % Mg, up to 0.3 wt. % Cu, 0.05 to0.40 wt. % Si, 0.20 to 0.40 wt. % Fe, 0.10 to 0.80 wt. % Mn, up to 0.30wt. % Cr, up to 0.25 wt. % Zr, up to 0.15 wt. % impurities, and thebalance aluminum.

Illustration 16 is the clad aluminum alloy product of any preceding orsubsequent illustration, wherein the clad aluminum alloy product has ayield strength up to 600 MPa.

Illustration 17 is the clad aluminum alloy product of any preceding orsubsequent illustration, wherein the clad aluminum alloy product has ayield strength of 550 MPa.

Illustration 18 is the clad aluminum alloy product of any preceding orsubsequent illustration, wherein the clad aluminum alloy product has anelongation up to 20%.

Illustration 19 is the clad aluminum alloy product of any preceding orsubsequent illustration, wherein the clad aluminum alloy product has anelongation up to 15%.

Illustration 20 is an automotive structural part comprising the cladaluminum alloy product of any preceding or subsequent illustration.

Illustration 21 is an electronic device housing comprising the cladaluminum alloy product of any preceding or subsequent illustration.

Illustration 22 is an aerospace structural part or an aerospacenon-structural part comprising the clad aluminum alloy product of anypreceding or subsequent illustration.

Illustration 23 is a marine structural part or a marine non-structuralpart comprising the clad aluminum alloy product of any preceding orsubsequent illustration.

Illustration 24 is an aluminum alloy blank comprising the clad aluminumalloy product of any preceding or subsequent illustration.

All patents, publications and abstracts cited above are incorporatedherein by reference in their entirety. Various embodiments of theinvention have been described in fulfillment of the various objectivesof the invention. It should be recognized that these embodiments aremerely illustrative of the principles of the present invention. Numerousmodifications and adaptations thereof will be readily apparent to thoseskilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of thepresent invention as defined in the following claims.

What is claimed is:
 1. A clad aluminum alloy product, comprising: a core layer comprising up to 12.0 wt. % Zn, 1.0 to 4.0 wt. % Mg, 0.3 to 3.0 wt. % Cu, up to 0.60 wt. % Si, up to 0.50 wt. % Fe, up to 0.20 wt. % Mn, up to 0.20 wt. % Cr, up to 0.30 wt. % Zr, up to 0.15 wt. % impurities, and aluminum, wherein the core layer has a first side and a second side; a first cladding layer on the first side of the core layer, wherein the first cladding layer comprises an aluminum alloy different from the core layer comprising from 0.6 wt. % to 12.0 wt. % Zn, 0.1 to 4.15 wt. % Mg, up to 3.0 wt. % Cu, up to 0.60 wt. % Si, up to 0.50 wt. % Fe, up to 0.20 wt. % Mn, up to 0.20 wt. % Cr, up to 0.30 wt. % Zr, up to 0.15 wt. % impurities, and aluminum; wherein in the clad aluminum product is prepared by homogenizing the core and first cladding layers at a temperature from 400° C. to 500° C., solutionizing, and quenching at a rate greater than 50° C./s; and wherein the clad aluminum alloy product has a bend angle of from 45 to 120 as measured by a three-point bend test according to VDA Standard 238-100, normalized to 2.0 mm.
 2. The clad aluminum alloy product of claim 1, wherein the core layer comprises 5.0 to 9.5 wt. % Zn, 1.2 to 2.3 wt. % Mg, 0.6 to 2.6 wt. % Cu, up to 0.10 wt. % Si, up to 0.15 wt. % Fe, up to 0.05 wt. % Mn, up to 0.05 wt. % Cr, up to 0.25 wt. % Zr, up to 0.15 wt. % impurities, and aluminum.
 3. The clad aluminum alloy product of claim 1, wherein the first cladding layer comprises 5.0 to 9.5 wt. % Zn, 1.2 to 2.3 wt. % Mg, 0.10 to 2.6 wt. % Cu, up to 0.10 wt. % Si, up to 0.15 wt. % Fe, up to 0.05 wt. % Mn, up to 0.05 wt. % Cr, up to 0.25 wt. % Zr, up to 0.15 wt. % impurities, and aluminum.
 4. The clad aluminum alloy product of claim 1, wherein the first cladding layer comprises 1.0 to 12.0 wt. % Zn, 1.0 to 4.0 wt. % Mg, up to 3.0 wt. % Cu, up to 1.5 wt. % Si, up to 0.50 wt. % Fe, up to 0.45 wt. % Mn, up to 0.30 wt. % Cr, up to 0.30 wt. % Zr, up to 0.15 wt. % impurities, and aluminum.
 5. The clad aluminum alloy product of claim 1, wherein the first core layer comprises 1.0 to 12.0 wt. % Zn, 1.0 to 4.0 wt. % Mg, up to 3.0 wt. % Cu, up to 1.5 wt. % Si, up to 0.50 wt. % Fe, up to 0.45 wt. % Mn, up to 0.30 wt. % Cr, up to 0.30 wt. % Zr, up to 0.15 wt. % impurities, and aluminum.
 6. The clad aluminum alloy product of claim 1, wherein the core layer has a thickness of 0.5 to 3 mm.
 7. The clad aluminum alloy product of claim 6, wherein the core layer has a thickness of 0.7 to 2.3 mm.
 8. The clad aluminum alloy product of claim 1, wherein the first cladding layer has a thickness of 1 to 25% of a total thickness of the clad aluminum alloy product.
 9. The clad aluminum alloy product of claim 8, wherein the first cladding layer has a thickness of 1 to 12% of the total thickness of the clad aluminum alloy product.
 10. The clad aluminum alloy product of claim 9, wherein the first cladding layer has a thickness of 10% of the total thickness of the clad aluminum alloy product.
 11. The clad aluminum alloy product of claim 1, wherein the clad aluminum alloy product has a yield strength up to 600 MPa.
 12. The clad aluminum alloy product of claim 11, wherein the clad aluminum alloy product has a yield strength of 550 MPa.
 13. The clad aluminum alloy product of claim 1, wherein the clad aluminum alloy product has an elongation up to 20%.
 14. The clad aluminum alloy product of claim 13, wherein the clad aluminum alloy product has an elongation up to 15%.
 15. The clad aluminum alloy product of claim 1, wherein the clad aluminum alloy product is a sheet, a plate, an electronic device housing, an automotive structural part, an aerospace structural part, an aerospace non-structural part, a marine structural part, or a marine non-structural part.
 16. The clad aluminum alloy product of claim 1, wherein the R/t ratio of the clad aluminum alloy product is 1.1 or lower.
 17. The clad aluminum alloy product of claim 1, wherein the clad aluminum alloy product further comprises a second cladding layer on the second side of the core layer comprising up to 12.0 wt. % Zn, 1.0 to 4.0 wt. % Mg, up to 3.0 wt. % Cu, up to 0.60 wt. % Si, up to 0.50 wt. % Fe, up to 0.20 wt. % Mn, up to 0.20 wt. % Cr, up to 0.30 wt. % Zr, up to 0.15 wt. % impurities, and aluminum. 